Role of astrocytes, microglia, and tanycytes in brain control of systemic metabolism

Role of astrocytes, microglia, and tanycytes in brain control of systemic metabolism, Published online: 10 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0286-y

Knowledge of the role of glial–neuronal interactions in the physiology of food intake and energy metabolism is emerging. This review highlights the role of astrocytes, microglia, and tanycytes in central control of systemic metabolism.

Stimulus- and goal-oriented frameworks for understanding natural vision

Stimulus- and goal-oriented frameworks for understanding natural vision, Published online: 10 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0284-0

A satisfactory understanding of how natural stimuli are encoded by neural circuits has remained elusive. Advances in machine learning provide new approaches to this problem by merging constraints imposed by stimulus statistics and behavioral goals.

When remembering is rewarding

When remembering is rewarding, Published online: 06 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0110-4

In mice, long-term potentiation of hippocampal–nucleus accumbens synapses is required for the formation of reward-related memories.

Food intake — feeling the heat

Food intake — feeling the heat, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0104-2

Meal-associated thermogenesis in brown fat is triggered by the gut hormone secretin and signals to the brain to promote satiation in mice.

Restoring walking

Restoring walking, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0109-x

A study shows that application of spatiotemporally patterned epidural electrical stimulation alongside rehabilitation allowed individuals with spinal cord injury and severe locomotor deficits to walk with limited assistance.

Closing the loop

Closing the loop, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0107-z

Closing the loop

Gone FISHing

Gone FISHing, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0105-1

Gone FISHing

Non-nociceptive roles of opioids in the CNS: opioids’ effects on neurogenesis, learning, memory and affect

Non-nociceptive roles of opioids in the CNS: opioids’ effects on neurogenesis, learning, memory and affect, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0092-2

Maladaptive modulation of learning, memory and affect by opioids is linked to dysfunctional neurogenesis. In this Review, Kibaly and colleagues discuss this link and how strategies that target neurogenesis to rescue opioid-dependent learning, memory and affect impairments constitute future directions for anti-addiction therapies.

To sleep, to remember

To sleep, to remember, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0108-y

To sleep, to remember

Patchwork subiculum

Patchwork subiculum, Published online: 05 December 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0106-0

Patchwork subiculum

Complements lead to insults

Complements lead to insults, Published online: 30 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0099-8

Two studies show that tau pathology drives the expression of complement molecules that in turn promote the phagocytosis of synapses and neuroinflammation.

Model potential

Model potential, Published online: 28 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0101-5

Model potential

Imagine no fear

Imagine no fear, Published online: 28 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0102-4

Imagine no fear

Merkel cells touch a nerve

Merkel cells touch a nerve, Published online: 28 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0100-6

Merkel cells touch a nerve

Do flies like fizz?

Do flies like fizz?, Published online: 28 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0103-3

Do flies like fizz?

Publisher Correction: Enhancers active in dopamine neurons are a primary link between genetic variation and neuropsychiatric disease

Publisher Correction: Enhancers active in dopamine neurons are a primary link between genetic variation and neuropsychiatric disease, Published online: 27 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0277-z

Publisher Correction: Enhancers active in dopamine neurons are a primary link between genetic variation and neuropsychiatric disease

Boosting a bad signal

Boosting a bad signal, Published online: 27 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0095-z

Dopamine released in the rodent prefrontal cortex increases the signal-to-noise ratio of responses to aversive stimuli that are transmitted to the periaqueductal grey.

Loss of neuronal network resilience precedes seizures and determines the ictogenic nature of interictal synaptic perturbations

Loss of neuronal network resilience precedes seizures and determines the ictogenic nature of interictal synaptic perturbations, Published online: 26 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0278-y

How seizures emerge in epileptic brain remains an enigma. The authors show that the transition to seizure follows a ubiquitous dynamical principle inherent to many processes in nature characterized by repeated transitions between contrasting regimes.

Practice makes plasticity

Practice makes plasticity, Published online: 26 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0280-4

Landmark papers in 2005 and 2009 provided the first evidence of links between development, training, and white-matter plasticity in humans, contributing to a shift in our understanding of brain wiring that has inspired fundamental research into the role of genes, the environment, and the mechanisms underlying training-related plasticity.

Motor primitives in space and time via targeted gain modulation in cortical networks

Motor primitives in space and time via targeted gain modulation in cortical networks, Published online: 26 November 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0276-0

Many behavioral tasks require fast, reliable switching of the shape and duration of cortical activity. Stroud et al. show that modulation of neural excitability in recurrent network models provides flexible spatiotemporal control of neural activity.