Thalamic dual control of sleep and wakefulness

Thalamic dual control of sleep and wakefulness, Published online: 11 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0164-7

This study shows that tonic firing of centromedial thalamic neurons triggers rapid arousal, whereas burst firing triggers brain-wide propagating cortical slow waves and promotes sleep recovery, indicative of a midline thalamus sleep–wake hub.

Publisher Correction: N6-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates embryonic neural stem cell self-renewal through histone modifications

Publisher Correction: <i>N</i>⁶-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates embryonic neural stem cell self-renewal through histone modifications, Published online: 07 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0169-2

Publisher Correction: N6-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates embryonic neural stem cell self-renewal through histone modifications

Modulating microglia

Modulating microglia, Published online: 07 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0027-y

In mice with experimental autoimmune encephalitis, dietary metabolites of tryptophan may modulate the activities of glia to influence neuroinflammation.

Publisher Correction: Mutations in Vps15 perturb neuronal migration in mice and are associated with neurodevelopmental disease in humans

Publisher Correction: Mutations in <i>Vps15</i> perturb neuronal migration in mice and are associated with neurodevelopmental disease in humans, Published online: 06 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0170-9

Publisher Correction: Mutations in Vps15 perturb neuronal migration in mice and are associated with neurodevelopmental disease in humans

Publisher Correction: Social deficits in Shank3-deficient mouse models of autism are rescued by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition

Publisher Correction: Social deficits in <i>Shank3</i>-deficient mouse models of autism are rescued by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition, Published online: 05 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0165-6

Publisher Correction: Social deficits in Shank3-deficient mouse models of autism are rescued by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition

Author Correction: Accumbal D2 cells orchestrate innate risk-avoidance according to orexin signals

Author Correction: Accumbal D2 cells orchestrate innate risk-avoidance according to orexin signals, Published online: 05 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0166-5

Author Correction: Accumbal D2 cells orchestrate innate risk-avoidance according to orexin signals

Publisher Correction: TDP-43 gains function due to perturbed autoregulation in a Tardbp knock-in mouse model of ALS-FTD

Publisher Correction: TDP-43 gains function due to perturbed autoregulation in a <i>Tardbp</i> knock-in mouse model of ALS-FTD, Published online: 05 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0160-y

Publisher Correction: TDP-43 gains function due to perturbed autoregulation in a Tardbp knock-in mouse model of ALS-FTD

A pathway less travelled

A pathway less travelled, Published online: 05 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0025-0

Opiate drugs and opioid peptides differ in their effects on intracellular signalling, in which following ligand–receptor binding and internalization, opioids continue to signal from endosomes, whereas opiates activate receptors located at the Golgi.

Altered hippocampal replay is associated with memory impairment in mice heterozygous for the Scn2a gene

Altered hippocampal replay is associated with memory impairment in mice heterozygous for the <i>Scn2a</i> gene, Published online: 04 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0163-8

Middleton et al. demonstrate that heterozygous deletion of the frequently mutated Scn2a gene leads to reduced performance in spatial memory tasks in mice, resulting from incomplete sequence reactivation during hippocampal sharp wave ripples.

Socioeconomic status and the brain: prospects for neuroscience-informed policy

Socioeconomic status and the brain: prospects for neuroscience-informed policy, Published online: 04 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0023-2

A growing field of research seeks to establish a neuroscientific basis for the correlations between socioeconomic status and life outcomes. Farah evaluates the opportunities and challenges that face the application of this field to wider policy discussions.

Publisher Correction: Thalamic projections sustain prefrontal activity during working memory maintenance

Publisher Correction: Thalamic projections sustain prefrontal activity during working memory maintenance, Published online: 31 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0132-2

Publisher Correction: Thalamic projections sustain prefrontal activity during working memory maintenance

Genome-wide distribution of linker histone H1.0 is independent of MeCP2

Genome-wide distribution of linker histone H1.0 is independent of MeCP2, Published online: 25 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0155-8

Whether MeCP2 competes with linker histone H1 for DNA binding has never been tested in vivo. Ito-Ishida et al. performed ChIP-seq on MeCP2 and Flag-H1.0 in mouse forebrain neurons and reveal that their genomic distributions are largely independent.

Sculpting light to reveal brain function

Sculpting light to reveal brain function, Published online: 25 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0158-5

New techniques enable simultaneous optogenetic stimulation and calcium imaging from ensembles of tens of neurons in vivo. Improved opsins are localized to the cell body, minimizing spurious activation of the optically unresolvable neuropil. Two-photon light pulses are sculpted in space, time, and wavelength to efficiently target the desired cells.

A molecular network of the aging human brain provides insights into the pathology and cognitive decline of Alzheimer’s disease

A molecular network of the aging human brain provides insights into the pathology and cognitive decline of Alzheimer’s disease, Published online: 25 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0154-9

The authors constructed and validated a molecular network of the aging human cortex from RNA sequencing data from 478 individuals and identified genes that affect cognitive decline or neuropathology in Alzheimer’s disease.

A neural network for intermale aggression to establish social hierarchy

A neural network for intermale aggression to establish social hierarchy, Published online: 25 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0153-x

Social rank determines access to feeding and breeding opportunities. Stagkourakis et al. identify an intrinsically amplifying hypothalamic circuit that can generate intermale attack and aggression reward to influence hierarchical status among males.

Specializations for reward-guided decision-making in the primate ventral prefrontal cortex

Specializations for reward-guided decision-making in the primate ventral prefrontal cortex, Published online: 23 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0013-4

Decision-making requires us to correctly evaluate the likely outcomes of our choices. Murray and Rudebeck describe how evidence from lesion and neurophysiology studies in non-human primates has given us insight into the specific contributions of prefrontal cortex subdivisions in this process.

Getting in on the action (potential)

Getting in on the action (potential), Published online: 22 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0019-y

Getting in on the action (potential)

Keeping track of time

Keeping track of time, Published online: 22 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0021-4

Keeping track of time

Watch and learn

Watch and learn, Published online: 22 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0024-1

In mice, neurons in the anterior cingulate cortex that project to the basolateral amygdala are required for observational learning.

Setting the pace

Setting the pace, Published online: 22 May 2018; doi:10.1038/s41583-018-0022-3

Setting the pace